基于BIM技术的建筑内疏散路径引导研究

Evacuation Path Guidance Based on BIM

由于建筑物体量越来越大,结构越加复杂,疏散出口多且疏散路径呈复杂多样,因此传统的疏散示意图已很难满足火灾时建筑物内疏散引导的需求,更难以满足消防指挥救援的需求。本文提出了BIM技术的三维动态疏散路径引导方法,结合BIM和虚拟现实两大技术,建立消防疏散模型,并对三维空间进行平面拓展处理,利用图论相关技术,实现了建筑物内三维动态的疏散路径引导,使消防疏散路径更加直观,救援指挥更加便捷。

The larger the volume, the more complex the structure. Meanwhile, because of too many emergency exits and diverse evacuation routes, the traditional evacuation schematic has been difficult to meet the demand for fire evacuation. Based on full integration of BIM Technology and virtual reality technology, a building evacuation model （BIM） was proposed for the guidance of the three-dimensional building within the evacuation path. It found the fire information model and made the plane development process carried out in three-dimensional space. In addition, it used the technology based on the graph theory and realized the 3D dynamic evacuation route guidance in the building. So the fire evacuation path is more intuitive, evacuation drills more convenient and management personnel to direct the rescue operations more accurately.