西北地区盐渍土盐胀特性研究进展与思考

The Research Development and Thinking About the Expansibility Property of Saline Soil in Northwest Region

介绍了西北地区盐渍土分布及其工程特性,回顾对西北地区盐渍土工程特性研究的历程和主要研究内容,分析了盐渍土盐胀的机理研究、影响因素研究,盐胀试验方法,盐胀危害防治方法研究的现状和进展。指出我国对西北地区盐渍土盐胀工程特性的研究主要集中在河西走廊、新疆及青海的局部区域,主要采用配土和配盐的方式制作实验土样,以室内实验研究为主。部分研究认为盐胀与含盐量(主要是硫酸盐)、温度、土中含水量、土体密度及其他因素相关,并采用多元非线性回归数学方法,初步模拟主要影响因素与盐胀率的相互关系式和综合因素作用下的盐胀率公式。分析表明,对西北地区盐渍土盐胀研究尚缺系统性,研究范围需要进一步扩大,对盐胀的室内外实验方法标准、盐胀的影响因素、特别是盐渍土的级配影响、起胀边界阀值、盐渍土本构方程、盐胀模型及其的工程验证、盐胀危害防治技术的时效性等仍需要开展细致而深入的研究。

This study introduced the distribution and engineering properties of saline soil in the Northwest region,reviewed the history and main research contents of the engineering properties of saline soil in Northwest region,analysized the status and the progress of the study of the expansibility mechanism of saline soil, the influencing factors,expansibility test methods, and expansibility damage control methods. It also pointed out that the research on the engineering properties of the expansibility of saline soil were mainly concentrated in the Hexi Corridor, Xinjiang and the local area in Qinghai, Those studies made experimental soil samples with the way of making soil and salt and mainly based on the laboratory research. Some studies believed that salt expansion is related to salinity（mainly sulphate）, temperature, soil moisture, soil density and other factors, and used the multivariate nonlinear regression mathematical methods to simulate the main influencing factors and the relationship between salt expansion rate and the salt expansion rate formula under the effect of the composite factors preliminarily. Results showed that research on the expansion of saline soil in Northwest region is lack of systematic and needed to expand further. More detailed and in-depth study should be carried out in aspects of the test method standard of salt expansion indoor and outdoor, the influencing factors of salt expansion, especially the grade impact of the saline soil, the bulge boundary threshold, the constitutive equation of saline soil, the engineering verification of salt expansion rate mathematical model, and the timeliness of the control technology of the salt expansion damage, etc.