社会支持对“三无”住院老年精神分裂症患者影响的随机对照研究

A randomized controlled study of social support for the "san wu" in hospitalized elderly patients with schizophrenia

目的探讨社会支持对＂三无＂住院老年精神分裂症患者的影响。方法选取2014年1-12月在我院住院治疗的60岁以上的＂三无＂老年精神分裂症患者70例,按照单纯随机抽样法分为对照组和研究组各35例,两组均接受常规的治疗及护理,研究组予以多种形式的社会支持,观察期为6个月。于入组前后采用阴性和阳性症状评定量表（PANSS）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）及费城老年中心信心量表（PGC）进行评定。结果 （1）PANSS：入组6个月后,两组PANSS总分、阴性及阳性因子分评分较前均明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;组间比较,研究组阴性评分下降较对照组明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。（2）SSRS、PGC：入组6个月后,对照组评分无明显改善;研究组SSRS总分、PGC总分及各因子较前均有提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论社会支持对＂三无＂住院老年精神分裂症患者有显著影响,有利于提高其生活信心,同时对改善精神症状有一定作用,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the social support of the ＂san wu＂ in elderly hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Methods 70 cases of 60 years of age ＂san wu＂ elderly patients with schizophrenia treated in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2014, according to simple random sampling divided into a control group and a study group, 35 patients in each group, both groups received conventional treatment and care, the study group to be various forms of social support, observation period of six months. Before and after the group were negative and positive symptoms rating scale（PANSS）, Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS） and the Philadelphia Geriatric Center faith Scale（PGC） were evaluated. Results（1） PANSS： the group after six months, PANSS total score, negative and positive factor scores in both groups were significantly decreased compared with the previous rates, the difference was statistically significant（P〈 0.05）; between the two groups, the study group negative score decreased significantly compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈 0.05）.（2） SSRS, PGC： the group after six months, there was no significant improvement in the control group; SSRS score, PGC and factor scores in the study group were improved than before, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈 0.05）. Conclusion Social support hospitalized elderly patients with schizophrenia have ＂san wu＂ significant effect, will help improve their confidence in life, while improving psychiatric symptoms have a certain effect, worthy of promotion.