颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险因素及其对脑梗死影响的相关分析

Risk Factors for Carotid Atherosclerostic Plaque and Its Relationship to Cerebral Infarction

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险因素及其对脑梗死的影响。方法对167例脑梗死患者,均应用彩超进行颈动脉检查,观察动脉粥样硬化的发生情况和记录相关危险因素的资料,同时检测患者的血脂、血糖、纤维蛋白原水平。结果脑梗死患者有颈动脉粥样硬化斑块者128例（76.6%）,颈动脉狭窄15例（9.0%）。经Logistic回归分析发现,年龄（OR1.369,95%CI：1.102-1.639）、吸烟（OR1.786,95%CI：1.371-2.025）、糖尿病（OR2.826,95%CI：1.598-5.368）可能是导致斑块发生的独立危险因素。颈动脉有斑块患者其总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、血糖、纤维蛋白原水平较无斑块患者显著增高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死的发生密切相关,年龄、吸烟和糖尿病是发生颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的独立危险因素。

Objective To investigate the risk factors for carotid atherosclerostic plaque and its effect on cerebral infarction. Methods Color ultrasonography was performed in 167 patients with cerebral infarction for carotid artery examination. The occurrence of atherosclerosis and it risk factors were observed,and levels of blood lipid,blood glucose and fibrinogen were detected in all the patients. Results Among the 167 patients,128（76.6%） had carotid atherosclerostic plaques and 15（9.0%） had carotid artery stenosis. Logistic regression analysis showed that the age（OR 1. 369,95%CI.1. 102-1. 639） ,smoking（OR 1. 786,95%CI.1. 371-2. 025） and diabetes（OR 2. 826, 95 % CI.1. 598-5. 368） were the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerostic plaque. Com- pared with patients without carotid atherosclerostic plaque, the levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, blood glucose and fibrinogen signiciantly increased in patients with carotid atherosclerostic plaque（P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Carotid atherosclerostic plaque is closely related to the occurrence of cerebral infarction. The age, smoking and diabetes are the independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerostic plaque.