基层医院ICU患者抗菌药物使用情况分析

Analysis on using condition of antibiotics of ICU patients in basic hospital

目的分析重症监护病房患者使用抗菌药物情况,为临床合理用药提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析本院2012年1月-2014年2月间收治的150例住院患者临床资料。统计分析抗菌药物的使用情况、细菌培养结果及其药敏试验。结果所调查的150例患者中,使用抗菌药129例,抗菌药物使用率86.0%,其中治疗性用药占86.8%,预防性用药占13.2%,送检112细菌学标本,送检率为86.8%,细菌培养阳性结果 102例,分离出病源菌119株。抗菌药物以头孢他啶、左氧氟沙星、哌拉西林他唑巴坦及美罗培南等为主。细菌培养阳性率为91.1%,以革兰氏阴性菌为主,革兰氏阳性菌有上升势头。结论医院ICU抗菌药物的使用率偏高,种类多及病原菌耐药性广等特点。临床使用抗菌药物,应严格遵守抗菌谱、用药特征和药敏试验结果选用合适的抗菌药物,应切实采取有效的干预措施,规范ICU抗菌药物合理使用的管理。

Objective To analyze the using condition of antibiotics of ICU patients in basic hospital,in order to provide scientific basis for clinical rational drug use. Methods 150 inpatients of clinical data,who were received and treated in our hospital from January 2012 to February 2014,were retrospectively analyzed.To statistically analyze the using condition of antibiotics,the results of bacterial culture,and the drug sensitivity test. Results Of the 150 patients investigative,there were 129 cases used antibiotics with the usage rate of antibiotics of 86.0%,there into,therapeutic usage of 86.8% and preventive usage of 13.2%.The bacteria examination rate was 86.8% with 112 bacteria specimen,the positive results of bacterial culture was 102 cases with pathogenic bacteria 119 strains.The antibiotics was ceftazidime,levofloxacin,piperacillin-tazobactam,and meropenem and so on.The positive rate of bacterial culture of 91.1% with the main bacteria of gram-negative bacter,the gram-positive bacteria had increased. Conclusion Antibiotics of ICU patients in basic hospital has the characteristics of slightly higher usage rate,more kinds,and wider drug resistance of pathogens,and so on.Clinical use of antibiotics could select appropriate antibiotics,strictly abide by the antibacterial spectrum,the characteristics of drug using,and drug sensitive test result,could feasibly adopt effective intervention measures to standardize the rational use of ICU antibiotics.