利益相关者视角的复杂产品系统企业风险传导机制研究——以经济下行情境下的船舶企业为例

Research on Risk Transferring Mechanism of CoPS Firms from the Stakeholders' Perspective:Case Study of Shipyards in the Context of Economic Downturn

现有对复杂产品系统企业风险的研究主要集中于复杂特性对风险的作用,极少关注环境变化和利益相关者利己行为的影响。本研究以不同的视角,探索环境发生巨大变化时,利益相关者的利己机会主义行为与复杂产品系统企业风险的关系。采用多案例研究方法,对后金融危机时代船舶企业的风险事件进行了分析。研究发现:1环境变化引起的利益相关者权力与利益的失衡是复杂产品系统企业风险产生的根源;2复杂产品系统企业风险具有传导特征,传导路径为"环境变化—利益相关者权力与利益失衡-机会主义行为-集成商风险后果产生"的层次递进式过程。本研究还进一步明晰了复杂产品系统企业的主要外部利益相关者及各自的风险传导路径。

The focus of existing studies about CoPS firms is mainly on how complexities impact on risks, while little attention is paid to the impacts of the changing of environment and the self-in-terest behaviors of stakeholders. Different from existing research, the purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the risk of CoPS firms and the stakeholders＇ self-interest oppor- tunist behaviors when the environment undergoes significant changes. The paper analyzes risk in- cidents encountered by shipyards in the environment of the post-financial-crisis era by the method of multi-case study. The study finds that：①The root source of CoPS firm＇s risk is the imbalance between the rights and the interests of CoPS stakeholders caused by the changing of environment; ②The CoPS firm＇s risk has the characteristic of transferability, and the transferring mechanism begins from environment change, to the imbalance between the power and the benefit of stake- holders, and then opportunist behaviors, and finally the occurrence of risk results of CoPS frim, which is a layered and progressive process. This study also finds out the main external stakehold- ers of CoPS firm and the risk transferring path of each stakeholder.