大学生上网时间与颈肩病的关系及预防对策

Investigation and countermeasures of internet-surfing and neck and shoulder diseases among university students

目的了解大学生上网规律和时间特征及其对颈肩病的影响,为有效预防大学生颈肩病的发生提供依据。方法对整群分层抽取的武汉科技大学1 236名大学生进行调查,采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对上网时间特征进行单因素χ2检验和多元线性回归分析。结果多数大学生上网的时间特征表现为网龄2~4 a、每周上网总时间10~20 h、每次上网持续时间1~3 h;上网网龄特征不同区间对颈肩病的影响差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.086,P=0.581）,每周上网时间（χ2=12.636,P=0.000）和每次持续时间（χ2=27.727,P=0.000）两个特征不同区间差异有统计学意义;多元线性回归具有较好的拟合优度（R2=0.797）;3个时间特征与颈肩病发生概率之间均有较好的线性关系（P值均〈0.01）;拟合方程的系数表明每次上网持续时间对颈肩病影响程度最大,其次是每周上网时间和上网网龄（B值分别为7.149,3.794,1.944）。结论上网引起的颈肩疾病严重影响大学生健康。需要严格控制上网持续时长,养成良好的上网习惯,保持正确的上网姿势,合理适度进行颈、肩、背部肌肉锻炼,以有效预防颈肩病的发生。

Objective To investigate the rule and time characteristics of internet-surfing among university students,and to put forward effective suggestions and countermeasures for prevention and care of neck and shoulder diseases.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect 1 236 university students.By using SPSS 19.0,single factor chi-square test and multivariable linear return analysis were adopted to analyze the impact of different time characteristics on neck and shoulder diseases.Results The majority of university students had 2-4 years of net age with 10-20 hours per week and 1-3 hours per time consuming in internet-surfing.The single factor chi-square test indicated that there was no significant difference for different zones of net age influencing neck and shoulder diseases（χ2= 1.086,P = 0.581）.However,difference was statistically significant in different zones of hours per week（χ2= 12.636,P = 0.000）and hours per time（χ2= 27.727,P = 0.000）.Multi-variable linear return analysis had better goodness-of-fit（R2= 0.797）.The results showed that there was good linear relationship between three time characteristics and probability of occurrence of neck and shoulder diseases（the significance was 0.002,0.000 and 0.000 respectively）.The coefficients of the fitting equation demonstrated that the main influence factor was hours per time for causing neck and shoulder diseases,and followed by hours per week,net age（B = 7.149,3.794,1.944）.Conclusion Neck and shoulder diseases caused by internet-surfing affect health of university students badly.Controlling internet-surfing duration strictly,good internet habits and posture,and targeted exercises can effectively prevent the happening of neck and shoulder diseases.