武汉市2014年致倦库蚊种群密度及抗药性监测结果分析

Population density and insecticide resistance of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in Wuhan,2014

目的调查武汉市致倦库蚊种群密度变化和对几种常用化学杀虫剂的抗性水平,为蚊类防制提供科学依据。方法致倦库蚊密度监测采用国家标准GB/T 23797-2009中的诱蚊灯法,监测时间为2014年3-11月;抗药性监测采用WHO推荐的幼虫浸渍法,分别测定溴氰菊酯、敌敌畏、滴滴涕(DDT)、残杀威和双硫磷的半数致死浓度(LC50)及95%可信区间(95%CI)。结果致倦库蚊全年密度呈单峰曲线,高峰期在5-6月,平均密度分别为3.60和3.69只/(灯·h),其中牲畜棚蚊密度显著高于居民区、医院、公园等其他环境。抗药性监测数据显示,武汉市致倦库蚊对溴氰菊酯、敌敌畏、DDT、残杀威和双硫磷的LC50分别为0.071 7、0.469 9、0.766 0、0.941 0和0.000 78 mg/L,抗性倍数分别为358.50、151.14、42.56、9.72和1.30倍。结论 5-6月是武汉市致倦库蚊成蚊密度高峰期,也是防制的关键时期;针对致倦库蚊对化学杀虫剂普遍产生的抗药性问题,应提倡蚊虫的综合防制,以延缓蚊虫的抗药性发展。

Objective In this study, we investigated the population densities and resistance to commonly used insecticides of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in Wuhan, Hubei province. Our results can provide new insights into field mosquito control operations. Methods According to GB/T 23797-2009, lamp traps were used to caputre mosquitoes during March to November in 2014. The larve impregnation method which is recommended by WHO, was used to determine the susceptibility of larve （LC50 with 95%CI） to deltamethrin, DDVP, DDT, propoxur and temephos. Results The population densities of Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus throughout the year showed a single peak between May and June, the average density in stables was significantly higher than any other habitats. The LC50 values of deltamethrin, DDVP, DDT, propoxur and temephos of Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus were 0.071 7, 0.469 9, 0.766 0, 0.941 0 and 0.000 78 mg/L, and the resistance ratio were 358.50, 151.14, 42.56,9.72 and 1.30, respectively. Conclusion Our data showed that the peak population densities of adult Cx. pipiens quinquefasciatus was between May and June in Wuhan, it is also the key month for mosquito control. Considering the prevalence of resistance to chemical insecticides among mosquitoes, integrated management should be promoted to delay the development of resistance.