电子束辐照防治扁甲科害虫及对小麦品质影响

Effects of Electronic Beam Irradiation on Cucujidae Insects-Control and the Qualities of Wheat

采用电子加速器对长角扁谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗和土耳其扁谷盗成虫及小麦进行辐照处理,研究了0~1 000 Gy的电子束辐照对这3种试虫的致死效应,分析了它们对辐照的敏感性,以及0~5 000 Gy剂量辐照下小麦的加工品质。结果表明,辐照剂量越高,3种试虫的死亡速度越快;100 Gy的剂量辐照后,试虫在18 d内全部死亡;3种试虫对辐照的敏感性差异不显著,辐照后第12天,长角扁谷盗、锈赤扁谷盗和土耳其扁谷盗成虫的LD_（99）分别为280.2、260.4、281.3 Gy。电子束辐照对小麦的出粉率、湿面筋含量影响不显著（P〉0.05）,但经2 000 Gy以上剂量辐照的小麦粉的面团形成时间和稳定时间显著下降（P〈0.05）。因此,100~2 000 Gy辐照剂量可以作为辐照防治扁甲科储粮害虫的适宜剂量。

The irradiation lethal effects of 0 - 1 000 Gy electronic beam on Cryptolestes pusillus, Cryptolestes fer- rugineus and Cryptolestes tureicus were studied, the irradiation susceptibilities of the three were compared, and the ir- radiation effects of 0 ~ 5 000 Gy electronic beam on the processing qualities of wheat were investigated. The results showed that the higher irradiation dose, the faster death of three kinds of Cueujidae insects adults, with an irradiation dose of 100 Gy, the average mortality at 18 d after the irradiation treatments is 100% ; The irradiation susceptibilities of three kinds of Cueujidae insects were different, but the differences between them were no significant, at 18 d after the irradiation treatments, the LD99 of Cryptolestes pusillus, Cryptolestes ferrugineus and Cryptolestes tureicus is 280.2, 260.4 and 281.3 Gy, respectively. Wet gluten content and flour yield were not changed significantly （P 〉 0.05 ） af- ter electron beam irradiation, but the development time and stability of dough were significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05 ） following the doses more than 2 000 Gy. Thus, the irradiation dose of 100 - 2 000 Gy could be considered as a suitable dose for the control on the development of three kinds of Cucujidae insects in stored grain.