毫秒微差爆破技术在深部缓倾斜薄矿体安全强采中的应用研究

Application of Millisecond-delay Blasting Technique in Safe and Intensive Mining of Gently-dipping Thin Ore Bodies

针对深部缓倾斜薄矿体开采生产能力小、效率低、安全性差、技术难度大等难题,依据毫秒微差爆破机理,利用非线性动力分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对连续段毫秒微差爆破、跳段毫秒微差爆破和瞬间爆破方式进行了数值模拟对比分析,提出了一种适用于深部缓倾斜薄矿体的安全强采技术——浅孔多段毫秒微差爆破技术。通过对几种爆破方式在爆破岩块碰撞和爆破震动等方面的比较分析,优选出跳段毫秒微差爆破方法并应用到湘西金矿深部采场开采中。现场工业试验结果表明,新方法比传统方法在生产能力、生产效率、炸药单耗、回采周期、矿石块度、安全性等方面具有明显的技术经济优势,具有良好的推广应用价值。

To deal with these technical problems, such as low productivity and efficiency, poor safety and technically difficulty in mining of gently-dipping thin ore bodies at the depth of underground mine, the nonlinear dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA was adopted for the numerical simulation and comparative analysis of three blasting methods （ millisecond-delay detonators with continuous number of segments, millisecond-delay detonators with interval number of segments, and instantaneous detonators） based on the mechanism of millisecond-delay blasting. Short-hole multi-segment millisecond-delay blasting technique was proposed for the safe and intensive mining of gently-dipping thin ore body at the depth of the underground mine. Based on the comparison among three blasting methods in terms of rock-to-rock collision, blasting vibration, millisecond-delay detonators with interval number of segments was selected for the deep mining in Xiangxi Gold Mine. The in-field test showed that such new mining method is superior in terms of productivity, production efficiency, explosive charge consumption, stoping cycles, fragmentation and operation safety, which is worthy of a wide application.