抗菌材料抑制油田微生物腐蚀的作用机理探讨

Exploration of Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Material to Inhibit Microbiologically Induced Corrosion in Oil Field

油田注水系统中微生物腐蚀现象非常严重,由其造成的经济损失不可估量,而要想从根源上抑制微生物腐蚀的发生,一个有效的方法就是在管道表面施加抗菌涂层,抑制硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)在管道表面的附着,从而减轻微生物腐蚀。目前,常用的抗菌材料主要分为有机抗菌材料、无机抗菌材料和天然抗菌材料3种。有机抗菌剂毒性大,而且耐热性相对较差,而无机抗菌剂又存在制造困难的问题,不利于大规模生产,抑制油田管道中SRB的涂料还相对较少。为了更直接、更有效地抗革兰氏阴性菌,抑制微生物腐蚀,可以将安全、高效的无机抗菌剂经过修饰后接枝到高分子材料中,将其作为管道抗菌涂层的主填料,最大程度上减轻油田注水系统中的微生物腐蚀。

Microbiologically induced corrosion in the water flooding system is particularly serious, and the economic losses caused by it are really incalculable. Therefore, an effective method to control MIC is applying the antimicrobial coating on the pipe surface to suppress the SRB adhesion on the surface of the pipe, thereby reducing the corrosion. At present, the commonly used antibacterial materials are mainly divided into three types：organic antibacterial materials, inorganic antibacterial materials and natural antibacterial materials. Organic antibacterial materials are toxic and relatively poor in resisting heat, and inorganic antibacterial materials are not good for mass production. Furthermore, the antibacterial coatings which are applied into oil field to inhibit SRB are relatively few. In order to fight Gram - negative bacteria directly and efficiently, it is necessary to graft the safe and efficient modified inorganic antimicrobial materials onto the polymer material, which will be used as the main filler of the antimicrobial coating to maximumly reduce the microbiologically induced corrosion in oilfield water injection system.