静电纺丝技术制备耐高温聚酰亚胺无纺布膜及其性能表征

Preparation and characterization of heat-resistent polyimide non-woven membrane by electrospinning

利用3,3′,4,4′-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐(BTDA)和4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)合成得到聚酰胺酸(PAA)纺丝液,采用静电纺丝技术制备得到PAA无纺布膜,通过热亚胺化法获得聚酰亚胺(PI)无纺布膜。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)考察了溶液浓度、纺丝距离、纺丝电压和针头大小对PAA无纺布膜形貌的影响。同时比较了热亚胺化前后PAA和PI无纺布膜的形貌变化。分别采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TGA)和X射线衍射(XRD)表征了它们的化学结构、热稳定性和结晶性。结果表明,制备得到的PI无纺布膜具有优良的耐热性能和微孔结构,使其在耐热分离技术领域有极大的应用价值。

The polyamic acid （PAA） solutions were synthesized from 3,3′,4,4′-Benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride（BTDA） and 4,4-diaminodiphenylether（ODA） in dimethylformamide （DMF）. The non-woven membrane of polyimide （PI） was obtained from electrospining of PAA,followed by thermal imidization. The morphology of PAA nonwoven membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The process parameters,including the collection distance,solution concentration, spinning voltage and the size of probe were discussed. The morphology of membrane was also compared between the PAA and PI. Their chemical structure and the thermal stability were tested by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and thermal gavimetry analysis （TGA） respectively. Their crystallizations were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Results showed that the PI membrane had excellent heat-resistant properties and pore structure,made it had great application value in the field of heat-resistant separation technology.