职工社会功能状态的多水平模型分析

Multi-Level Model Analysis on Social Function of Employees

目的应用多水平模型分析职业人群的社会功能状态,为今后该类研究提供方法学参考。方法采用综合性工作能力指数（comprehensive work ability index,CWAI）量表,对来自不同单位的1686例研究对象进行社会功能状态测量。利用MLwiN2.0软件拟合三水平方差成分模型,评价职工社会适应、社会支持和人际关系等社会功能状态。结果单位效应对职工社会功能状态有影响（χ~2=4.027,P=0.0448）;劳动类型联合检验结果有统计学意义（χ~2=12.721,P=0.0017）,体力劳动者比脑体混合劳动者的社会功能状态差（χ~2=10.223,P=0.0014）;脑力劳动者与脑体混合劳动者的社会功能状态无统计学差异（χ~2=0.015,P=0.9025）;经济收入越高的职工社会功能状态越好（χ~2=8.268,P=0.0040）;患有工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾患（work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WRMDs）的职工比未患该病的职工社会功能状态差（χ~2=22.218,P=0.0001）。结论单位、劳动类型、经济收入、工作有关的肌肉骨骼疾患是职工社会功能状态的重要影响因素。

Objective The purpose of this current study was to analyze social function of employees by multilevel mod- el. Methods 1686 subjects employed in various kinds of occupations were selected with the random cluster sampling method. Comprehensive work ability index scales were used as the tools to investigate social function of workers. The social flexibility, social support and personal interaction of employees were tested with the three-level variance component model fit by Multi-Lev- el model wiN（Version 2. 0） statistical software. Results The enterprise and work type had significant influence on social func- tion of workers（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The social function of physical workers was worse than that of mental-physical mixed workers（x2 = 10. 223, P = 0. 0014 ）, and there was no difference between the latter and mental workers （X2 = 0. 015, P = 0. 9025 ） ;Social func- tion was better in the workers whose incomes were higher（x2 = 8. 268, P = 0. 0040）. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders had negative effect on social function of workers （X2 = 22. 218, P = 0. 0001 ）. Conclusion The effects of factory, work type, incomes and WRMDs were significant to workers＇ social function,so that to adjust these factors could improve workers＇ social function. This study suggests that enterprise, work content, income and work-related musculorskeletal disorders were the important influ- ence factors on social function of workers.