藏北草原牧民可持续生计分析—以班戈县为例

Analysis of Sustainable Livelihoods of Grassland Herdsmen:a Case of Baingoin County in Northern Tibet

运用实地调查的方法,对藏北草原牧业户和兼业户进行比较分析和回归分析,以期提高人们对藏北草原牧民生计状况的认识,并对藏北草原牧民生活水平提升和收入增长提供一定的参考依据。结果表明:班戈县牧业户呈现"低质化"特征;兼业户的资本禀赋要好于牧业户;拥有较多自然资本和经济资本的牧户习惯于以单纯依靠牧业收入作为其生计策略;拥有较多人力资本、物质资本和社会资本的牧户更愿意选择多种经营方式来获取更多收入;物质资本对牧户生计策略的影响最为显著,社会资本显著程度不高,而人力资本存量偏低。总体来说,牧民生计在提升藏北草原牧民生活水平和促进牧民收入提高过程中显得更加急迫和重要。

We utilized the method of field investigation and combined comparative analysis and regression analysis to evaluate the livelihood condition of grassland herdsmen in Northern Tibet.Through this study,it was to increase the cognition of the livelihood condition of grassland herdsmen in Northern Tibet and to provide some reference data for increasing herdsmen＇s living standard and income.Results showed that households only depending on the animal husbandry owned high natural capital and economic capital;households selected diversifying operations to obtain more income,who owned high human capital,material capital,and social capital.Material capital had the most significant effect on herdsmen＇s livelihood strategy,social capital effect was slight,and stock of human capital was low.As a whole,herdsmen＇s livelihood appeared more urgently and importantly in the process of improving their living standard and income.