基于生态足迹模型的区域水资源生态补偿量化模型构建——以长江流域为例

ESTABLISHMENT OF REGIONAL WATER RESOURCES ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION MODEL BASED ON ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT MODEL——TAKE THE YANGTZE RIVER FOR EXAMPLE

通过计算长江流域各省级行政区之间水资源生态服务价值的差异,建立各省间水资源利用和经济补偿的联动关系,促进区域协调发展。基于生态足迹模型测算长江流域各省份水资源超载指数,结合谢高地等人的中国陆地生态服务价值的研究结果,考虑地区补偿能力,构建水资源生态补偿的量化模型,计算各省份应当支付的生态补偿量。长江流域各省水资源生态服务价值总量高达9.37×1012元,各省生态服务价值也都在3.1×108元以上。整体上长江流域水资源生态服务价值呈现两端低,中间高的趋势,上中下游生态服务价值比例分比为44%,49%和7%。因此,处于长江流域下游以及中游的地区理论上应当对上中游地区水资源保护以及"生态服务价值外溢"进行相应的补偿。长江流域总体应获得1193.53亿元的水资源生态补偿。

By establishing linkage between water use and financial compensation among provinces, calculating thedifference of water services resources ecological value in the provincial administrative regions along the Yangtze RiverBasin, was applied to promote coordinated regional development. Based on ecological footprint model to measure waterresources overload index of the provinces along the Yangtze River Basin Water and the results of the ecological value,taking account into regional compensation capability, was used to build a quantitative model of water resources ecologicalcompensation, which should be calculated for each province ecological compensation payments. The results showed thatthe total amount of water resources ecosystem services worth in the Yangtze River Basins of was up to 9.37x 10^12 yuan, andthe value of ecosystem services were more than 3. lx 10^8 yuan. Overall value of ecosystem services Yangtze River Valleyexhibited low ends high in the middle of the trend, the proportion of the value of ecosystem services downstream divisionratio of 44%, 49% and 7%, respectively protection of water resources should ideally be on the middle reaches of the regionand the ＂value of ecosystem services spillover＂ make the appropriate compensation in the middle reaches and downstreamof the Yangtze River basin. Yangtze River Basin water resources should be given overall ecological compensation of119.35billion yuan.