公海保护区与现行海洋法体系的关系问题研究——基于《联合国海洋法公约》的分析

Research on the Relationship between High Seas Marine Protected Areas with the Current System of Law of the Sea——An Analysis Based on the United Nations' Convention on the Law of the Sea

公海保护区是保护国家管辖范围以外海洋环境和海洋生物多样性的有效工具。建立和管理公海保护区需要国际法的支撑,需要与海洋法公约保持协调。公海保护区既与海洋法公约存在冲突性,也存在一定程度上的兼容性,协调公海保护区与海洋法公约的冲突性与兼容性将会推动公海保护区体系的建立和发展。在国际社会就公海保护区达成新的执行协定之前,各国应在全球性或区域性基础上寻求合作;同时,国际性司法机构的实践将会对公海保护区的发展起到重要的引导作用。

High seas marine protected areas （HSMPAs） is an effective tool to protect marine environment and marine biological diversity beyond national jurisdiction. Establishing and managing HSMPAs needs to be based on international laws and in compatible with the convention on the law of the sea （CLOS）. HSMPAs is both in conflict with and in compatible with CLOS at the same time. Harmonizing the relationship between the HSMPAs and the CLOS will help to establish and develop the HSMPAs system well Before the international community reaches a new implementation agreement on HSMPAs, states should cooperate with each other on global or regional basis; at the same time, the practice of international judicial institutions will play an important role to lead the development of HSMPAs.