束光学组件参数变化对氢束流影响的理论分析

Theoretical Analysis of the Influence of the Beam Optical System Parameters Variation on the Hydrogen Beam

通过仿真、计算及优化对比等方式，分析了束光学组件中关键参数变化对氢原子束流产生的影响，主要涉及氢原子钟电离泡温度、准直器束流散射角、选态器长度、选态器内孔尺寸、磁钢充磁强度、氢原子自由出射距离及泡口尺寸等七个参数。理论分析结果表明：在束光学组件设计中，应降低电离泡的温度波动，有效控制散射角及截获角，精密检测选态器尺寸及充磁强度，优化选择氢原子自由出射距离与泡口尺寸等。研究结果对氢原子钟束光学组件工程设计及实际应用具有十分重要的指导意义。

The influence of the variation of beam optical system parameters on the hydrogen beam is analyzed in this paper by simulation, calculation and optimization. The parameters mainly include discharge bulb temperature, collimator beam scattering angle, state selector size, magnetic intensity, atomic free flight distance and bulb entrance size. Theoretical analysis results show that reducing the temperature fluctuation of discharge bulb, controlling the scattering angle and the acceptance angle effectively, detecting the size of selected state and the intensity of magnetization precisely and selecting the free flight distance of atomic and the size of bulb entrance optimally are very important for the design and application of the beam optical system of hydrogen maser.