不同行驶速度对校车学生乘员损伤影响

Effects of Different Driving Speed on Injury to Student Occupant in School Bus

采用有限元分析软件LS-DYNA3D建立某款校车座椅乘员约束系统仿真模型,根据国标GB24406-2012,对该模型分别加载4种减速度波形,对比分析不同行驶速度下乘员头部HIC值、胸部3 ms加速度值和腿部轴向压力值。结果表明:学生乘员头部损伤随校车行驶速度的增大而明显增大;当行驶速度小于48 km/h时,学生乘员胸部损伤随行驶速度的增大而缓慢增大,当行驶速度大于48 km/h时,行驶速度对学生乘员胸部损伤影响较为显著。

Using finite element analysis software LS-DYNA 3D, the simulation model of a school bus seat occupant restraint system was built. According to the regulation of GB24406-2012, the model was loaded with four acceleration pluses respectively, so as to compare the head injury criterion （ HIC ） , thorax 3 ms acceleration and femur foree under different driving speeds. The results show that ： the student occupant＇ s HIC raises seriously along with the increase of driving speed; when driving speed is less than 48 kin/h, the student occupant＇ s chest injury grows lightly with it; while when it is more than 48 kin/h, the driving speed has a severely impact on the chest injury of student occupant.