关于汽车零部件空间定位设计的研究

Research on Space Location Design for Auto Parts

无论是汽车,还是组成汽车的任一零部件,均可想象为三维空间中的一个刚体,而刚体的运动可分解为随质心的平动和绕通过质心某直线的定点转动,即在空间有6个自由度。汽车零部件空间定位的失效其实质就是质心在三维空间坐标中的6个自由度未限制到位,例如应该完全定位的零部件设计成欠定位,必然导致零部件的失效。对汽车塑料零部件空间坐标中定位结构的设计、定位种类选取、尺寸链等进行研究,以提高零部件的使用寿命,使汽车零部件空间定位结构设计达到最优。

Whether it is a car or a composition of any parts of the car, all of them can be imagined as a rigid body in the three-dimensional （3D） space. While the motion of a rigid body can be decomposed into the translation with the centroid and fixed-point rotation around a line through the centroid, namely it has six degrees of freedom （6DOFs） in the coordinate spaee. The essence of the spatial location failure of auto parts is that the 6DOFs of the centroid in three-dimensional （3D） space are not restricted in place. For example, the parts which should be po- sitioned completely is designed to be under position, so parts failure is inevitable. The space coordinate positioning structure design, positio- ning type selection, dimension chain and other aspects of automotive plastic parts were researched, so as to improve the service life of the parts, and to make auto parts space positioning structure design optimize.