从地理分界到文化分界——明代东江中上游广府、客家的冲突与融合

From Geographical Boundary to Cultural Boundary:The Conflict and Integration between Cantonese and Hakka in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Dongjiang River in the Ming Dynasty

作为岭南汉族史上具有相当特殊性的地区,明中叶东江中上游存在一明显的族群地理分界,其以西、以南属广府亚文化区,而非传统观点所谓的客家地区。明中后期,随着客家移民浪潮到来,广、客间实现了从地理分界突破到文化分界维持,再到文化分界模糊化的演变过程。在此过程中,国家介入扮演了举足轻重的角色,客家化则是其基本趋势。

Until the Mid-Ming Dynasty, there was an obvious geographical boundary of ethnic groups in the middle and upper reaches of Dongjiang river, a special area at Lingnan in the history of Han, to the west and south of which was the Cantonese subculture. During Middle and late Ming Dynasty, an evolution process happened between Cantonese and Hakka from breakthrough of geographical boundary to maintenance of cultural boundary and then cultural boundary＇ s blurring, with the arrival of immigration tide of Hakka. In the process, state intervention played a decisive role, and Hakka-ization was the basic trend.