基于聚类分析的城市公园利用者行为特性及其管理对策——以上海市中山公园为例

The City Park User's Behavioral Characteristics and Management Countermeasures Based on Cluster Analysis:A Case Study of Zhong Shan Park in Shanghai

城市公园是城市的重要组成部分,是调节城市生态环境的重要场所,也是城市居民休憩、娱乐和活动的重要开敞空间,因此分析城市公园设施的利用情况以及利用者的行为特性,对于城市公园的建设和管理有十分重要的意义。以上海市中山公园为例,通过对该公园利用情况的分析,了解到公园的利用者大多数为青年人和老年人,且利用者范围广,利用频率高,滞留时间也较长。同时运用数量化Ⅲ类和聚类分析方法,把城市公园利用者的行为特性分为郊游式利用型、日常利用型、临时利用型、约会利用型、幼儿同行利用型、健康注重型及非日常团体活动型7大类,分析了各类利用者行为特性的特点,为今后政府部门对公园的建设和管理提供一些新的思路。

The city park is an important part of the city, a place for adjusting the urban environment, and also an important open space for citizens to have recreation and entertainment and activities. Therefore, it is veryimportant to analyze utilization of city park facilities and the city park user＇s behavioral characteristics for the construction and management of the city park. Based on the case study of Zhong Shah Park in Shanghai and analysis of the park utilization,this paper found out that most of the city park users are the young and the old with a wide spread of using for a long periods of time. The park user＇s behavioral characteristics were divided into 7 groups by methods of quantitative and cluster analysis. These groups are picnic using, daily using, temporary using,appointment using, adult with children using, health using, unmoral group activity using. The analysis of behavioral characteristics of every group will give the government some new ideas for construction and management of parks in the future.