树木生长对气候变化的响应研究进展

Tree growth responding to climate changes

树木生长对气候变化的响应将深刻影响区域植被动态、陆地生态系统生物地化循环、气候反馈及其人类福祉.持续的气候变暖、极端气候事件及自然和人为干扰的增加深刻地影响树木生长动态的时空格局.本文综述了近几十年全球气候变化的整体概况,着重探讨了气候变化对树木生长的影响机制以及树木生长对气候系统的反馈,并就树木生长响应气候变化研究中可能存在的问题和研究前景进行了探讨.提出未来树木生长响应气候变化关系的研究应考虑树木生长响应气候变化的时空差异,加强对树木死亡时空格局及内在机理的认识,重点关注不断增加的极端气候事件及火、虫灾干扰对树木生长的非线性影响机制,并融合地面观测、遥感及陆面动态植被模型模拟等多种分析手段综合分析树木生长对气候变化响应机制的尺度效应及内在机理.

Response of tree growth to climate changes could have critical effects on regional vegetation dynamics,terrestrial biogeochemical cycles,local climate feedbacks and human well-being.Changes in spatiotemporal pattern in tree growth were closely coupled with past climate changes,increased extreme events and disturbances.Characteristics of climate changes during past decades were summarized.Responses of tree growth to climate change and potential feedbacks to climate system were reviewed.Knowledge gaps in tree growth response to climate changes were discussed.Possible future directions in this field were summarized.More effort should be paid to the spatial-temporal divergence in tree growth response to climate changes and climate feedbacks in different seasons and climate zones.Great concern should also be raised on emerging regional tree growth die-off and underlying mechanisms.Additionally,there tends to be an urgent need to identify effect of wide-spread increase in both occurrence and intensity of extreme events（e.g.,global-changetype drought and heat waves）and disturbances（e.g.,fire,pest,etc.）on tree growth and the possible underlying threshold-based nonlinear processes.Synthetically,combination of ground-truth observations at different time-scale,remote sensing,and land-surface models could reasonably improve our understandings of tree growth response to climate changes on different scales and ability to predict future vegetation dynamics in a warmer,and more extreme world.