基于Archard理论的滚珠丝杠磨损预测

Wear Prediction of Ball Screw Using Archard's Model

在数控机床等自动化设备中,滚珠丝杠副具有相对封闭结构特性。为了研究其磨损特性,基于Archard模型的增量形式建立了滚珠丝杠副的磨损模型,并通过分析滚珠丝杠副运转过程中的接触变形和接触角的变化,求出接触点的相对速度。考虑到轴向载荷、接触面间的相对速度、离心力和陀螺力矩的影响,推导出滚珠丝杠副磨损后的轴向位移,用数值方法得到了滚珠丝杠副的磨损规律,同时在试验台上进行了实验验证。实验结果表明,在滚珠丝杠副运行中的黏着磨损阶段,磨损模型的理论值与实测值吻合较好,所建立的滚珠丝杠副磨损模型能够反映黏着磨损阶段的实际磨损变化规律。

The structure of ball screws is relatively closed in the CNC machine tools and other automation equipment. Based on the incremental format of Archard model, the wear model of ball screws is established to study the wear characteristics, and the relative speeds of the contact point can be obtained through variable contact deformation and contact angle of a ball screw. Take into account the influence of the axial load, the relative velocity between two contact surfaces, centrifugal force and gyroscopic moment, the axial displace- ment of a ball screw after wear can be calculated. The wearing rules of ball screw are achieved using numer- ical analysis and they are verified by experiment. The results show that the predictions of the wear model are in good agreement with the test results in adhesive wear of the ball screw.