光伏电池精确工程模型及输出特性研究

Research on accurate engineering model and output characteristics of photovoltaic cell

建立准确高效的光伏电池工程数学模型是光伏发电技术及相关研究的重要基础。光伏组件传统数学模型具有较高的精度,但非线性强、涉及超越方程,求解比较困难,难以满足工程模型对复杂度与精确度兼顾的要求。针对这一问题提出一种光伏电池精确工程模型,对数学模型进行了参数简化,设计了需要参数及迭代次数较少的牛顿—拉夫逊法的参数计算方法,改进了迭代中出现的奇异矩阵。利用MATLAB对该模型进行了4种不同光伏材料和变电阻参数特性影响测试,在不同的辐照强度和环境温度条件下对光伏组件模型输出特性进行了仿真实验和分析。结果表明,所提模型具有较好的通用性和灵敏度,快速准确反映了变工况条件下光伏组件的I-U和P-U输出特性,为大型光伏发电系统的研究提供了有力的支持。

Establish an accurate and efficient photovoltaic （PV） engineering mathematical model is an important foundation of PV technology and related research. Traditional PV mathematical model has higher accuracy, but also has strong nonlinear and involving transcendental equations, which is difficult to be solved, and not suitable for en- gineering design which requires both complexity and accuracy. An engineering mathematical model based on analy- sis of mathematical model is proposed, a parameter calculates method based on Newton-Raphson method which re- quired fewer parameters and iterations is designed, a technique to modify singularity matrix appearing in iteration is proposed. Four different PV materials and variable resistance parameters characteristics are tested using MATLAB simulation software, the output characteristic of PV modules is tested at different irradiation intensity and surround- ings temperature conditions. The results show that the proposed model has good versatility and enough sensitivity, I-U and P-U characteristics and output of PV module in variable condition have dynamic ability, provide a strong support for the study of PV system.