我国青少年体质健康测评的历史演进与生态重建——我们需要什么样的“体质”

History and Ecological Reconstruction of Chinese Youth Fitness Health Assessment:What Kind of“Fitness”We Need

我国青少年体质健康测评历经性能关联、技能关联、健康关联、健状关联4个历史更迭阶段。我国青少年体质健康测评的生态系统要实现4个方面的转变:指标向度由技能关联转向健状关联、测评作用由教学评估转向健康评估、课程策略由体育课程转向体质课程、经费投入由财政投入转向市场投入。我国青少年体质健康发展要从政府管理向社会治理转型,其中政府行政部门是服务主导,社会团体组织是核心主体,经济市场机构是有益补充。此外,还要加强外部生态环境的支持。

This study showed that the youth fitness health assessment experienced four stages, stage focusing on sports performance, stage focusing on sports skill, stage focusing on health, and stage focusing on physical wellness. Ecosystem of youth fitness health assessment should orient on the physical wellness of the students rather than on the sports skill, on the health assessment rather than on the teaching evaluation, on the courses bettering the students＇ physical condition rather than on sports skill related courses, on the market funding rather than on the governmental funding. The govern- mental management should be transferred to social governance. The governmental administrative departments only provid- ed service. The social organizations were the main bodies. The economic institutions could involve in. In addition, external ecological environment was important.