清末德国对华学校政策与青岛蒙养学堂的创办

German's School Policy towards China in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Establishment of Elementary School in Qingdao

德国在华建立中小学校是其海外学校事业的重要组成部分,是强化德国文化对中国影响的体现。早期的教会学校是为解决在华德国子女教育问题和培养传教助手服务的。清季德占青岛之初,德国殖民者精力集中在基础设施建设上,技术和语言学校是应急之需,没有制定系统的中小学教育计划。随着殖民统治的深入,教育、文化的影响力突显,德国对华学校政策发生了变化。建立官办新式学堂,让中国的年轻一代学习德国的语言,熟悉和亲近德国的文化,获取更大的在华权力,成为德国殖民者的重要政策。在德国殖民当局的支持下,为德国文化政策服务的蒙养学堂得以在租借地内迅速建立。

Establishing primary and secondary schools in China, as an important part of German＇s overseas school career, is an embodiment of strengthening its cultural impact on China. The building-up of early missionary schools was to solve the education problems for German children who resided in China and to provide services for training missionary helpers. In the Late Qing Dynasty, when Germany first occupied Qingdao, they focused on the construction of infrastructure. Technical and language schools were in urgent need and there wasn＇t any specific education programs for primary and secondary schools. With the deepening of colonial rule, the influence of education and culture was growing, German＇s school policy towards China also changed. Establishing new-style and government-run schools, letting Chinese young generations to learn German language, making them be familiar with and close to the German culture, as well as seeking more power in China have become important policies of German colonists. With the support of German colonial authorities, the elementary schools serving German＇s cultural policy were quickly established in the leased territory.