个体化健康教育在脉冲电磁场治疗原发性骨质疏松症中的作用

The effect of individualized health education on the treatment of primary osteoporosis with PEMFs

目的探讨个体化健康教育在脉冲电磁场治疗原发性骨质疏松症中的作用。方法 2013年5月至2014年12月期间在唐山市某三甲医院诊断为骨质疏松并自愿参与调查的原发性骨质疏松患者108例（男18例,女90例）随机分为单纯治疗组和治疗＋教育组,两组患者均接受60次脉冲电磁场治疗,每次40min,对治疗＋教育组患者在此基础上进行为期6个月的个体化健康教育,分析治疗前后两组患者有关骨质疏松行为的改变及女性患者各年龄组骨密度的变化情况。结果 1治疗后,治疗＋教育组患者的相关健康行为改善优于单纯治疗组（P〈0.05）。2治疗后两组患者膳食中谷类、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、奶类、豆类的摄入量,治疗＋教育组患者中符合《中国居民膳食指南及平衡膳食宝塔》推荐摄入量的人数比例高于单纯治疗组（P〈0.05）。3治疗后,治疗＋教育组患者的蛋白质、维生素A、维生素C、钙、锌、镁、膳食纤维摄入量均优于单纯治疗组（P〈0.05）。4两组女性患者在治疗后,各年龄组的腰椎及股骨颈骨密度均有不同程度提高（P〈0.05）;其中,治疗＋教育组50~、60~年龄组女性患者的腰椎及股骨颈骨密度高于单纯治疗组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗＋教育组女性患者各年龄组的腰椎及股骨颈骨密度的增加幅度均高于单纯治疗组（P〈0.05）。结论个体化的健康教育能够提高原发性骨质疏松患者的相关健康行为,改善患者自身营养状况,提高脉冲电磁场治疗的效果,增加骨密度,尤其是能明显提高女性患者50~、60~年龄组的腰椎及股骨颈骨密度。

Objective To discuss the effect of the individualized health education on the treatment of primary osteoporosis with PEMFs. Methods One hundred and eight patients （18 man and 90 woman ） who were diagnosed of osteoporosis in three 3A hospitals in Tangshan from May 2013 to December 2014 and volunteered to participate in this investigation were randomly divided into simple treatment group and treatment ＋ education group. The patients in two groups received PEMFs treatment for 60 times, 40 rain each time. The patients in the treatment ＋ education group received strengthened individualized health education for 6 months, on the basis of conventional treatment. Osteoporosis KAP and BMD of the two groups were analyzed before and after the treatment. Results （ 1 ） After the treatment, the improvement of patients＇ related health behavior in treatment ＋ education group was better than that in simple treatment group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. （2） After the treatment, the percentage of patients who complied with recommended intake of grains, vegetables, fruits, eggs, milk, and soy in treatment ＋ education group were more than those in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. （ 3 ） After the treatment, the intake of protein, VA, VC, calcium, zinc, magnesium, and dietary fiber in treatment ＋ education group was better than that in control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. （4） After the treatment, bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in female patients of both groups increased in different degfee （P 〈 0.05 ）. It was higher in 50 - and 60-age treatment ＋ education group than that in the same age simple treatment group. The increase of bone mineral density in treatment ＋ education group was all higher than that in the simple treatment group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The individualized health education can improve the osteoporosis health behavior of the patients, promote reasonable dietary intake, improve nutritional status, and thus improve the effect of PEMFs treatment, especially increase bone mineral density in 50- and 60-age group.