高等教育“学生学习成果”范式探析

Analysis on the Paradigm of “Student Learning Outcomes” in Higher Education

"学生学习成果"作为高等教育大厦的基础构件,作为当前发达国家高等教育改革与发展的导向,已经发展成为一个极具影响力的范式。"学生学习成果"范式由传统的"教师教学投入"范式转型而来,是对行为主义学习理论关于行为技能的理念、认知主义学习理论关于认知技能的理念、人本主义与建构主义学习理论以学生为中心的理念以及新公共管理理论关于绩效的理念的借鉴、拓展与深化。其理论框架包含学生中心、学习中心、学习成果导向三个层次的同心圆。

As the basic components of higher education system and the foundation of higher education reform and development in developed countries,currently,Student Learning Outcomes（ SLOs） have become an influential paradigm. Paradigm of SLOs transformed the old paradigm of Teacher Teaching Inputs or TTIs,and originates from but expands and deepens some ideas such as idea of behavioral skills in Behavior Learning Theory,idea of cognitive skills in Cognitive Learning Theory,idea of student- centred learning in Humanism Learning Theory and Constructivism Learning Theory,and idea of performance in New Public Management Theory. Paradigm of SLOs has three concentric circles： student-centred approach; learning-centred approach; learning outcomes-based approach.