以学为主:我国古代大学的教学特色分析

Giving Priority to Students' Self-study: An Analysis on the Characteristics of Teaching and Learning in China's Ancient Universities

我国古代大学普遍重视学生自学,具有鲜明的以学为主的教学特色。教师讲授时间少,学生自学时间多。学生获取知识以自学为主,听讲为辅。教师角色定位在教学辅导,放手让学生自学,尤其鼓励学生在实践中乐于自学。这种以学为主的教学方式具有深厚的思想根源,是诸多因素共同作用的产物。

China’s ancient universities paid widespread attention to students’ self- study,which became their distinctive characteristics of teaching and learning. In terms of time allotted,teachers spent less time in lecturing,and more time was given to students’ self-study. In terms of knowledge acquisition,students mainly relied on their own learning instead of listening to teachers. In terms of role orientation,teachers generally positioned themselves as tutors,they ideologically did not worry about students’ self-study and practically were happy to let students study independently. This kind of characteristics of giving priority to students’ self- study in teaching and learning had deep ideological roots,and it was the product of many factors working together.