什么是马克思主义?——从科尔施对列宁的批判谈起

What is Marxism?——The Dispute Between Lenin and Korsch

"什么是马克思主义,怎样对待马克思主义",这不仅是继承和发展马克思主义的首要问题,同时也是社会主义实践必须面对的根本理论问题。马克思主义在发展过程中呈现出多样化特征,特别是在20世纪初,形成了以列宁为代表的共产国际的马克思主义,和以卢卡奇、科尔施等人为代表的西方马克思主义。科尔施从自身理论立场出发,对列宁的马克思主义观进行了尖锐地批判。科尔施的批判以及列宁的"回应",对于我们思考"什么是马克思主义,怎样对待马克思主义",正确理解马克思主义的立场、观点和方法,具有重要的借鉴意义。

The question, ＂what Marxism is and how to deal with Marxism＂, is not only a priority in carrying on and developing Marxism, but also the essential issue of the practice of socialist modernization construction. Marxism has presented diverse characteristics in the development process. In the early of the 20th century, there was Communist International~ Marxism with Lenin as the representative and Western Marxism with Lukacs and Korsch as representatives. Korsch, from his own standpoint, criticized sharply Lenin＇s view on Marxism. The dispute between Lenin and Korseh has important significance for us to an- swer the question of ＂what Marxism is and how to deal with Marxism＂. It can also help us correctly understand and grasp Marxism＇s feminist standpoint, viewpoint and method.