浅谈前牙美学区种植术式的选择与思考

Considerations and Selections of Dental Implants in the Anterior Aesthetic Zone

随着种植技术的不断发展,无论是种植医生还是患者都已不仅仅满足于种植修复的高成功率,"即刻"与"微创"的概念已逐步为大家所广泛关注。特别对于前牙美学区,如何在最小的创伤下,改善软硬组织缺陷,尽早恢复功能与美观是近年来口腔种植界讨论的热点话题。国内外学者针对这一话题报道了多项技术以获得更好的前牙区美学效果,选择了不同的软硬组织增量方法,但观点不一。本文结合国内外口腔美学区种植修复的现状以及本人多年种植临床工作的点滴体会,就前牙美学区牙槽骨的改建与位点保存、软硬组织增量技术的应用以及种植体植入时机的选择等方面,进行分析与探讨,以期为前牙美学区种植治疗方案的选择提供参考。

With the continuous development of implant techniques, surgeons and patients have not entirely satisfied with the high successful rate of implant treatment. The concepts of immediate and minimally invasive implantation has been more focused. Especially for the anterior esthetic area, it has become a hot topic which is regaining function and beauty simultaneously by reconstructing soft and hard tissues as soon as possible under the minimal trauma. Although various techniques have been reported for achieving better aesthetic effects at home and aboard, there is still no consensus on the efficacy of hard or soft tissue grafts and the surgical methods for alveolar ridge reconstruction. In this review, we will anal- ysis and summary the importance and advances of ridge alteration and preservation after tooth extraction, surgical technol- ogy application and timing of implantation, by combining the current situation of aesthetic implant surgery and decades of our experience on clinical implantology works, to look forward to providing references for the choice of anterior aesthetic implant treatment.