王维“闲”“空”意趣的禅学再确认

Re-confirmation of dhyana meaning of “Leisure”and“Emptiness”in Wangwei’s Poetry

追求“闲”、“空”之趣是中国传统自然诗的一般特征，陶渊明和王维是典范作家。但由于王维深受禅宗义理的影响，其“闲”、“空”之趣的生成方式较陶渊明还是有所不同。其一，在对自然和社会的审美观照方面，王维突玻了陶渊明“非A即B”的模式，形成了一种由“非A非B”到“即A即B”的模式。其二，在这种模式的引导下，王维诗歌也一改陶诗的“去俗”之趣，以“合俗”的姿态来对待自然和社会生活，进而表达一种“不言言”、“不物物”的真意。

Running after the interest and charm of 'leisure' and 'void of the world of senses' is the general characteristic of the traditional Chinese naturalist poems. Tao Yuan-ming and Wangwei are the two typical poets. However, as a result of Wangwei's having been influenced by Zan's principles, his way of formation of the 'leisure' and 'emptiness' is somewhat different from that of Tao.First, in the aspect of the aesthetic viewing of the nature and the society, Wangwei broke through Tao's mode of 'either A or B' ,and coined a mode which transits from 'neither A nor B' to 'both A and B'. Secxrnd, under the guidance of such a mode, Wangwei's poems changed completely, which got rid of Tao Yuan-ming's 'discarding the vulgar' ,instead, he treated the nature and the social life in the way as if he followed the customs ,and hence expressed his real intention; in his poems 'the words he said goes beyond the words', and the things he mentioned surpass the things they themselves