汉魏晋北朝中原大宅、坞堡与客家民居

The Relationship between the Buildings of the Families,Fortress Inhabitation(坞堡)in the Central Plains During Han,Wei,Jin and the Northern Dynasties, and the Hakka' Private Res Pri

汉族民系之一客家的民居，具有两个基本特征：其社会特征是宗族共同体聚居，其建筑特征是围堡式大屋。前者渊源于汉魏晋北朝中原宗族共同体聚居制度和坞堡宗族聚居方式，后者渊源于汉魏晋北朝中原大宅与坞堡建筑。中原地区这两种居处制度与南迁后的生存、发展需要相结合，从而形成了具有客家民系特色的住宅和居处方式。客家民居的两个基本特征相辅相成，互为因果，在客家民系形成中具有决定性意义。凡实行这种居处方式的南下流民，就有可能形成为客家人；凡是没有实行这种居处方式的南下流民，则没有成为客家人。

The Hakkas' private '' private as one part of the Han national systems, owns two fundamental characteristics. The social one is that they inhabited a region as patriarchal clans, and the second feature is embodied in their enclosing, stockade surrounding fortresses style edifices that functioned as a sturdy and tight defence. The former was originated from the institutions of compact clan inhabitation and the style of fortress inhabitation(坞堡 )among the aristocratic and powerful families in the Central Plains during the Han, Wei, Jin and the Northern dynasties. Those two forms of residency institutions in the Central Plains, integrated with the urgent needs to survive and develop after their Migration to the South, gradually formed the Hakka' distinctive residency paragon. Both of the two fundamental characteristics of Hakka's private residency are indispensable and supplemental to each other, and they have played a key role during the course of the Hakka pedigree taking into shape. It is possible for any migrants from the North to be transformed as a member of the Hakkas, as long as he adopts such residency pattern. Otherwise, those North migrants in a later time could not be assimilated and turned into Hakkas if they deny and refuse to take this style.