1Rao RR, Mersereau RM. Lip modeling for visual speech recognition[C]. California: Signals, Systems, and Computers, 1994,1:58?-590.
2Steffelhagen R, Yang J, Meier U. Real time lip track-ing for lip-read'mg[C].Paris.Euro speech, 1997.
3Wark T, Sridharan S, Chandran V, An approach to statistical lip modelling for speaker identification via chromatic feature extraction[C]. New York. Pattern Recognition, 1998:123-125.
4Coianiz T, Torresani L, Models for Visual Speech (150):391-398. Caprile B. 2D Deformable Analysis[J].Nato Asi, 1995.
5Lewis TW, Powers DM. Lip Feature Extraction Using Red Exclusion[C]. Sydney:Pan-Sydney Workshop on Visual Information Processing,2001:61-67.
1TW Lewis,DM Powers. Lip feature extraction using red exclusion[A]. Russell M. Proceeding Selected papers from Pan- Sydney Workshop on Visual Information Processing[C]. Sydney: World Academic Press, 2000 : 61 - 67.
2Otsu N. A threshold SelectiOn method from gray - level histograms[J]. IEEE Trans Systems Man and Cybernetics, 1977 , 9(1) :62 - 66.
3N Eveno, A Caplier, P Y Codon. A new color transformation for lips segmentation [J ]. IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing , 2001, 10(1) :3 - 5.