颅内大型、巨大型动脉瘤血管内治疗长期血管造影随访

Endovascular embolization of large and giant intracranial aneurysms of long-term angiographic follow-up

目的探讨血管内治疗颅内大型或巨大型动脉瘤的疗效和长期血管造影随访结果。方法回顾性分析72例颅内大型或巨大型动脉瘤血管内治疗患者的临床资料,其中单纯弹簧圈栓塞30例,支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞14例,覆膜支架治疗15例,载瘤动脉闭塞术13例。结果单纯弹簧圈完全栓塞10例,支架辅助弹簧圈完全栓塞7例,覆膜支架11例,载瘤动脉闭塞13例,总术后即刻完全栓塞率达到56.9%;单纯弹簧圈近完全栓塞17例,支架辅助弹簧圈近完全栓塞6例,覆膜支架4例,总术后即刻近完全栓塞率37.5%;单纯弹簧圈不完全栓塞3例,支架辅助弹簧圈不完全栓塞1例,总术后即刻不完全栓塞率5.6%。随访6~72个月,平均随访24.2个月,所有患者无再出血。围手术期总的并发症率为9.7%,无死亡病例。不同血管内治疗方法对动脉瘤复发率的比较发现,单纯弹簧圈栓塞治疗比其他治疗方法治疗动脉瘤患者复发率高。总的复发率是23.6%。再次用血管内成功治疗14例复发动脉瘤。结论血管内介入治疗颅内大型或巨大型动脉瘤安全有效,远期复发率较高,应加强随访观察。根据动脉瘤部位及形态特点,合理采用相应的血管内介入治疗可有助于提高临床治疗效果,降低复发率。

Objective To investigate the outcome of endovascular treatment of large or giant intracranial aneu- rysm by long-term angiographic follow-up. Methods Clinical data of 72 patients with large or giant intracranial aneu- rysms receiving endovascular treatment were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty aneurysms were treated with coil emboliza- tion alone, 14 with stent-assisted coiling, 15 with covered stent-deployment and 13 with parent artery occlusion. Results complete occlusion was achieved in 10 cases of pure coil embolization, 7 cases of stent assisted coil embolization, ll cas- es of completely covered stent-deployment and,13 cases of parent artery occlusion. The postoperative immediate com- plete embolism rate was 56.9%. Nearly completely occlusion was achieved in 17 cases of pure coil embolization, in 6 cas- es of stent auxiliary coil embolization, 4 cases of covered stent-deloyment and zero case of parent artery occlusion. The total postoperative immediate nearly completely embolism rate was 37.5%. Incomplete occlusion was achieved in 3 cases of pure coil thrombosis, 1 case of stent assisted coil, zero case of ,covered stent-deloyment and zero case of parent arteryocclusion. The total immediate postoperative incomplete embolization rate was 5.6%. Patients were followed up for 6 to 72 months, with an average follow-up of 24.2 months . All patients had no bleeding. The total periprocedural complica- tion rate was 9.7% and there were no death cases. The recurrence of aneurysm in pure spring coil embolization treatment was higher compared with other treatments. The overall recurrence rate was 23.6%. The recurrent 14 aneurysms were suc- cessfully treated endovascularly. Conclusions Endovascular embolization treatment of intracranial large or giant aneu- rysm is safe and effective but its long-term recurrence rate is high. Thus a close follow-up is needed. Endovascular inter- ventional therapy based on the location of aneurysm and shape characteristics can improve treatment effectiveness and re- duce recurrence rate.