变风量条件下船舶会议室污染物浓度分布模拟研究

Simulation on pollutant concentration distribution in conference rooms on board under variable air volume

以非空态船舶会议室为研究对象,采用数值模拟的方法分别对同侧上送下回、上送下侧回、异侧上送下回、上送上回4种典型送风方式下人员工作区的CO_2分布特征以及上送下侧回送风形式不同风量条件下人员工作区CO_2浓度变化规律进行研究分析,计算出船舶会议室空调冷负荷为3 114.6 W,且使空调冷负荷的逐级递减为2 647.4 W,2 180.2 W和1 713 W;进而与空调负荷相对应的选取设计风量的100%,85%,70%,55%4种风量工况进行模拟.研究结果表明:在100%风量工况下,4种不同送风方式中同侧上送下回和上送上回送风方式有较强的稀释室内污染物的能力,人员工作区平均CO_2浓度较低;送风量的减少使得舱室内CO_2浓度分布特征改变,当送风量减小到55%时,舱室内人员工作区CO_2浓度普遍高于1 000 ppm,高于国家所规定的CO_2浓度标准.

To study the cabins’ air quality of VAV（ variable air volume,VAV） air-conditioning,the meeting room of a ship is selected as the research object. CO2 concentration distribution of the meeting room with several typical air supply modes and under several typical air supply volumes are investigated with numerical simulation.The cooling load of the cabins is 3 114. 6 W and progressively decreases to 2 647. 4 W,2 180. 2 W and 1 713 W. Corresponding to the cooling load,four kinds of air flow conditions（ 100%,85%,70% and 55% of the designed air volume） are chosen for the simulation. Results show that up-inlet and down-outlet on the same side pattern and up-inlet and up-outlet pattern have high ability to dilute indoor pollutants,which is the optional air organization scheme; The decrease of supply air volume makes the cabin CO2 concentration change,when the air supply is reduced to 55% of the designed value,CO2 concentration in the working area of cabin staff is generally higher than 1 000 ppm,which is higher than the national standard.