澳大利亚成功消灭牛结核病的成果和可借鉴经验

Experience and Significance from the Successful Eradication of Bovine Tuberculosis in Australia

国际上成功消灭牛结核病(bovine tuberculosis,TB)的国家稀少,因此可借鉴的相关经验非常宝贵。1997年,澳大利亚成功根除牛结核病,成为少见的可借鉴相关成果及经验的国家。本文即以澳大利亚经过27年努力成功根除牛分枝杆菌病为例,介绍其成果及在该进程中所采取的一系列保障方案和重要影响因素。包括科学的根除理论、全国一致的决心和意志、行业和资金支持、商业模式的方案规划、有效的执行力和监督措施、完善和明晰的技术标准、严格的调控机制和科研支持、严格的屠宰场病理学监测作用、偶发感染病例的及时消除以及牛结核根除进程的客观评价,均在其根除进程中发挥十分重要的作用。澳大利亚牛结核病根除的成功经验不仅对本国畜牧业和公共卫生安全具有重大意义,同时为我国牛结核病控制、根除提供了相关有利启示。

There are very few international examples of the successful eradication of bovine tuberculosis from a national cattle population. Thus the relevance experience is extremely valuable, the successful TB eradication at Australia in 1997 become one of the countries which are worthy of drawing lessons from relevant achievements and experiences.this article introduce 27 years efforts Australia made to achievement the successful eradication of bovine tuberculosis from 1970 to 1997 and a serious main factors taking accordingly to make eradication campaign come true Among which a compelling rationale for eradication, an agreed final outcome, industry commitment and financial support, a business model for program planning, Execution and supervision measures, complete and clear technical standards, strict control mechanism and scientific research support, the critical role of abattoir surveillance, effective elimination of residual infection and objective measures of programme progress all play a critical role during the eradication process. The success TB eradication from Australia provide inspiration for the control and eradication in our country .