农村人口与劳动力转移现状与问题研究——基于江苏省的调查

The Status Quo and Problems in the Labor Transfer in Rural Jiangsu

人口和劳动力转移是新型城镇化和农业现代化的基础。基于2014年对江苏农村人口劳动力转移状况的调查显示,江苏省农村劳动力转移比例高,主要以向工业部门转移和就地转移为主。与此同时,劳动力转移造成了大量的留守家庭,农村地区也吸引着外来务工和务农人员。分地区来看,苏南和苏中地区农村居民非农化程度更深。为进一步推动农村劳动力转移,加快城镇化和农业现代化进程,应着力优化行政管理资源配置,适度推进行政村区划调整;加快推进教育的城乡一体化,努力确保农民工子女接受平等教育;积极保障农民各项财产权益,推进农业转移人口市民化。

Labor transfer is the basis of new-type urbanization and agricultural modernization. A rural survey of the rural labor transfer in Jiangsu in 2014 shows that rural Jiangsu has a high propor- tion of labor transfer, with rural laborers mainly transferred locally and to the industrial sector. Meanwhile, the transfer of labor force leaves a large number of families with only the very old and young in rural areas, and the rural areas are in turn attracting migrant workers （both industrial and farm workers）. Regionally, the rural residents in South and Middle Jiangsu are more non agricultural. To further promote the rural labor force transfer, and speed up the urbanization and agricultural mod- ernization process, this paper proposes to focus on optimizing the allocation of administrative re- sources, and appropriately promote the adjustment of administrative division of villages; to accelerate the education integration process of urban and rural areas, and ensure the migrant children of equal ed- ucation; actively to protect the farmers property rights and interests, and promote the citizenization of transferred population.