以社区为本:城市治理的出发点与落脚点——从H市幸福社区创建与家庭综合服务中心发展的“社区性”谈起

Community as Starting Point and Target of Urban Governance——Comment on attributes of community during the well-being community building and integrated family service center developing in City H

采用案例研究的方法,分析H市幸福社区创建活动中不同社区治理主体参与社区建设的情况,同时与H市家庭综合服务中心开展的社区服务进行对比,进一步分析政府、社会工作服务机构、居民在社区治理中各自的角色,以及三者合作的可能性及方向。有效的城市治理应是能够回应社区居民需要,能够动员各利益相关方参与的城市治理,即开放社区居民参与的渠道、引导新兴社会服务组织提供优质的服务产品、推动城市社区社会资本(如邻里互助等)的发展、以社区为本的城市治理。以社区为本的城市治理着眼于以社区整体利益为出发点,促进社区内部以及社区之间的合作,以实现社会团结和社区的可持续发展。同时,在社会政策发展方向上,政府在让渡服务空间的同时,需要对新兴的社会组织加强引导、规范,增加体制内解决社区问题的能力,最终达到"社区善治"的目标。

With the method of case study, the participation of different community governance subjects in the construction of a happy community in H city is analyzed and later compared with the community service pro- vided by Integrated Family Service Center in H City. Furthermore, the respective roles of government, social service agency and residents in the process of community governance are analyzed and the possibilities and direction of their future cooperation are discussed. Effective city governance should be able to respond to the needs of residents in the community and cam mobilize all the stakeholders to participate in city governance, which means the opening of the channels for community residents to participate, and leading of new social service groups to provide quality service, and promoting the development of community social capital （ such as neighborhood assistance） in the cities. It all comes down to the community-based mode of city govern- ance. This type of management will take the community interest as its starting point, to promote cooperation inside the community and among communities, so as to realize the social solidarity and sustainable develop- ment of the community. Meanwhile, in the development of social policy, government should strengthen the guidance and regulation of newly emergent social organizations while transferring service space, in order to a- chieve the goal of good governance.