论环境侵权惩罚性赔偿制度的构建——以惩罚性赔偿的社会性损害填补功能为视角

The Construction of the System of Punitive Damages of Ecological Damage——From the Perspective of Social Damage to Fill

惩罚性赔偿具有填补社会性损害的功能,在环境侵权中通过惩罚性赔偿填补生态损害具有正当性、必要性和可行性。我国在构建该制度时应规定仅适用于环境公益诉讼;构成要件上应具备污染人主观有故意、污染行为具有违法性、造成严重生态损害及污染行为与严重生态损害之间具有因果关系;所得赔偿金应存入用于生态环境恢复和保护的专门账户。

Punitive damages have the function to fill social damage and related legislation and cases have appeared in damage.It＇s legitimate and necessary to suit for ecological foreign at present.In China,private environmental protection organization ,government environmental protection department and procuratorial organs can be the claimant.The constitutive requirements of liability should include intent,illegal behavior,serious ecological damage and the causal relationship.The punitive damages should be deposited in the special account for ecological environment restoration and protection.