论RTA急剧增加对WTO法律发展的负面影响和补救

On the Prevention and Remedy of the Negative Impact by RTA on WTO

作为国际经济三大支柱之一的WTO法律机制明文允许WTO成员方实施区域一体化战略,缔结区域贸易协定,运作区域贸易法律安排。受多种因素的影响,当下的RTA发展很快,品种很多,数量很大。这种态势对WTO机制的发展有积极意义,但也对WTO机制的地位、法律进展和实施效力带来了负面影响,损害了RTA第三方依照WTO最惠国原则可以获得的利益。基于WTO规则的普遍性和WTO组织的权威性,国际社会应当在WTO体制内外进行积极的努力,推进WTO和RTA两者的协调共存,维护RTA第三方的利益。本文认为,我们既要考虑加强两者协调的预防性措施,也应增加必要的补救措施。中国已经提出并正在实施"一带一路"战略,我们应当兼顾国家利益的维护和WTO法律中的RTA规则的遵守。

Regional closer economy integration is recognized according to GATT1947. Because of different consideration, with varied forms and large quantity, RTA has rapidly increased in number. RTA is giving positive effect to the WTO. In the meantime, RTA brings about negative impacts on the status, rule development and enforcement of the WTO system. We should make efforts in and outside the WTO and take reasonable preventive measures and remedy in order to conciliate the development of RTAs and the WTO and protect the lawful benefits of the third party of RTAs. In the author＇s opinion, China is carrying out ＂One Belt and One Road＂ economic strategy, it is useful and necessary to construct FTZs in China's Mainland for the national interests and China＇s trade law project.