火车轮加工工艺及组织性能分析

Processing Technology of Train Wheel and Analysis on Microstructure and Properyies

分别阐述了铸造、锻造和轧制的铸钢车轮、辗钢车轮的加工流程、性能特点,依据材料学理论分析了车轮钢中各种化学成分的作用。结果表明:铸钢车轮具有工序少、成本低、铸模可多次利用等优点,但是该过程易产生杂质、偏析等缺陷。辗钢车轮力学性能好,但工艺复杂、成本高。各种元素含量对车轮钢使用性能影响如下:C元素会影响材料的强度和韧性;S和Mn元素可以改善材料的加工性能;Si元素可以提高材料的抗破坏能力。

The machining process and the material performance of cast steel wheel and rolling steel wheel are respectively analyzed, and the effect of various kinds of chemical elements in the wheel steel was analyzed. The results show that the cast steel wheel in production has the advantages of less process, lower cost and repeated-used mold, etc; but the process is easy to produce impurities, segregation and other defects. The rolled steel wheel in mechanical performance is good, but it is complex in process and high in cost. The effect of various elements content in the wheel steel is that C element affects the material strength and toughness; S and Mn elements can improve the material processing performance; Si element can improve the material ability against damage.