华南及邻近地区大刺鳅遗传多样性的ISSR分析

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF MASTACEMBELUS ARMATUS IN SOUTHERN CHINA AND SURROUNDING AREAS BASED ON ISSR ANALYSIS

为了解我国大刺鳅野生资源状况,研究采用ISSR技术分析了福建、广东、广西、云南和海南11个地理群体262尾大刺鳅的遗传多样性。10个引物共扩增出112个位点,多态位点95个,多态位点比例为84.82%。大刺鳅总群体Nei基因多样性h=0.2126、Shannon信息指数I=0.3358,表明大刺鳅总群体遗传多样性较丰富,其中各群体遗传多样性依次为恩平>红河>屯昌>英德>河池>乐昌>增城>龙岩>五华>仁化>百色。总群体遗传分化系数Gst=0.4620,显示46.2%的变异来自群体间。总群体基因流Nm=0.5823,表明大刺鳅总群体间缺乏有效的基因交流,遗传漂变是大刺鳅群体遗传分化的主要因素。聚类分析表明,东江群体和韩江群体聚为一支,西江群体和北江群体聚为一支,大陆群体聚为一大支,然后和海南屯昌群体聚类。

To investigate genetic diversity ofMastacembelus armatus in Southern China, inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） was used to analyze eleven populations of 226 individuals from Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Hainan provinces. 10 ISSR primers were used to amplify DNA and 112 loci were detected. 95 of 112 loci were polymorphic, and the percentage ofpolymorphic loci （PPL） was 84.82% at species level. The genetic diversity decreased in the order of EP〉HH〉TC〉YD〉HC〉LC〉ZC〉LY〉WH〉RH〉BS. The total Nei＇s genetic diversity （h） was 0.2126, and the Shannon＇s information index （I） was 0.3358, indicating a relatively high diversity ofM. armatus. The total coefficient of genetic differentiation （GST） was 0.4620, meaning a 46.2% genetic variation indwelled among populations. The value ofNm was 0.5823, indicating lack of effective gene exchange among the populations, and genetic drift was the main factor of genetic differentiation among populations. The phylogeny tree showed that populations of the Dongjiang River and the Hanjiang River were clustered in one group and populations of the Xijiang River and the Beijiang River were clustered in another group, and populations of mainland were clustered in a big group and then joined to TC population.