中外研究生奖助体系比较研究对高校研究生招生情况影响的对策研究

研究生教育作为一种社会精英的培养方式,一直以来都是一种稀缺的教育资源。我国从1978年开始恢复了研究生招生制度,随着社会的发展和对高层次人才的需要,我国的研究生教育体制推行了多次的改革。从目前来看,单就研究生收费改革就经历了公费、半公费半自费和2014年开始实行的全面收费制度。改革的目的在于适应社会发展的需要。研究生奖助体系是高校研究生招生和培养计划中一项重要的激励制度和措施,对比我国与国外发达国家在研究生教育奖助体系上的不同,分析研究生奖助体系对高校研究生招生的影响,借鉴国外的先进经验和优势,为我国现有奖助体系下高校研究生招生问题提出有效的建议。

As a way of social elite culture, graduate education has always been a scarce educational resource. Our graduate enrollment system began to recover from 1978, and with the development of society and the need for high-level talents, our graduate education system has experienced several reforms. From the current point of view, it has undergone the reforms of public expense, half public funds at their own expense and fully half the charging sys- tem introduced in 2014 as for the tuition reform only. The purpose of reform is to adapt to the needs of social de- velopment. The financial award and assistance system for graduate students is an important incentive system and measure in the cultivation of university graduate enrollment plan. The paper compares the financial award and assis- tance system for graduate students in China with those in the developed countries and analyzes the impact of the system to the graduate enrollment, proposes effective recommendations for the college graduate enrollment issues un- der our existing award aid system by using experience of other countries for reference.