东北老工业城市旅游业与城市化耦合演变关系研究

STUDY ON COUPLING EVOLUTION RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM INDUSTRY AND URBANIZATION IN OLD INDUSTRIAL CITIES OF NORTHEAST CHINA

要:以东北四个老工业城市为例,通过构建旅游业与城市化评价指标体系,采用综合发展水平评价和耦合协调模型,分析了2001—2012年期间大连、沈阳、长春、哈尔滨旅游业与城市化耦合演变关系,结果表明:1四市旅游业与城市化综合发展水平均呈上升趋势,城市之间分异显著;2四市旅游业与城市化耦合协调水平缓慢提升,总体呈现大连>沈阳>长春>哈尔滨的空间格局,耦合等级普遍偏低且具有"趋同俱乐部"特征,不断形成"沈大"、"哈长"两大集团;3四市旅游业发展明显滞后,市际旅游业与城市化滞碍关系演变具有三种类型:大连、哈尔滨为"交错更替"型、长春为"断面分明"型、沈阳为"恒定不变"型。最后提出了四市旅游业与城市化协调发展的对策建议。

This paper analyzed the coupling evolution relationship between tourism industry and urbanization of Dalian, Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin from 2001 to 2012. Results showing that： the comprehensive development level of tourism industry and urbanization of the four cities exhibited upward trend, also the differentiation between cities was significant. In respect of urbanization, the growth rate of Changchun was the highest, while the growth rate of other three cities was generally the same, the comprehensive development level of urbanization of Shenyang and Dalian always ranked at top-two, while the comprehensive strength rank ordering of urbanization of Changchun and Harbin reversed taking 2004 as time node, Changchun surpassed Harbin later on; the coupling coordination level of tourism industry and urbanization of the four cities improved slowly, and coupling development state gradually changed from ＂imbalance＂ to ＂coordination＂, but coupling coordination grade was generally low. In addition, the inter-city coupling coordination level was imbalance, generally exhibiting the spatial variation of ＂Dalian〉Shenyang〉Changchun〉Harbin＂. Moreover, the evolution type of obstruction relation between tourism industry and urbanization of the four cities was mutually different. Finally, this paper proposed countermeasures and suggestions on achieving coordinated and symbiotic development between tourism industry and urbanization of the four cities from the aspects including strengthening the position of tourism industry, exerting the driving effect of tourism industry on urbanization, reasonably promoting urbanization development process, and exerting the regurgitation-feeding effect of urbanization on tourism industry.