治疗牙周炎所致牙槽骨吸收的前景药物

Prospective drugs in the treatment of alveolar bone loss in periodontitis

牙周炎是成人牙齿丧失的首要原因,以牙周组织的炎症和牙槽骨的吸收为主要临床表现。现今治疗牙周炎的药物主要是硝基咪唑类、青霉素类和四环素类,用于控制菌斑、消除炎症;但缺乏能够改建牙槽骨、促进牙槽骨再生的药物,因此影响了临床疗效。寻找促进成骨的药物尤为重要,通过查阅文献,很多研究表明辛伐他汀、贝尼地平、柚皮苷和蛇床子素具有成骨作用,能够修复牙槽骨缺失,并可制成多种缓控释剂型,可提高药效并避免全身用药引起的不良反应。联合抗菌药物与成骨药物制成缓控释制剂并采用局部用药的方式为牙周炎的治疗提供了新的治疗策略。

Periodontitis is the primary cause of adult tooth loss.The main clinical manifestations include periodontal tissue inflammation and alveolar bone loss.Nowadays nitroimidazoles,penicillins and tetracyclines are widely used in periodontitis treatment to eliminate bacteria plaque and inflammation.However,few medications have been found to repair alveolar bone and promote alveolar bone regeneration,the clinical curative effect is weakened.Recent studies suggest that simvastatin,benidipine,naringin and osthole can promote osteogenesis and might attenuate alveolar bone loss.A variety of controlled-release systems containing these drugs have been fabricated to improve clinical efficacy and avoid adverse reaction caused by systematic administration.Combined antibiotics and osteogenesis agents developed in controlled-release system provide a new strategy for periodontitis treatment.