窄缝消能工水翅扩散降雨特性试验研究

Experimental study on characteristics of precipitation caused by water-wing diffusion of narrow slit energy dissipator

窄缝消能工冲击波水翅扩散降雨对岸坡稳定及岸上建筑物的安全运行构成威胁。采用水工模型试验方法,研究窄缝消能工在不同来流Fr数、收缩比及底板挑角等参数条件下的水翅横向扩散降雨特性,揭示了不同参数对降雨区域形态及降雨强度分布的影响规律。研究结果表明,水翅降雨区域形态对窄缝底板挑角变化较为敏感,水翅产生雨强递减速率随着收缩比增大而增大,随着底板挑角增加（-10°～0°）而增大;最大降雨强度位置距窄缝出口纵向距离随着Fr数增加而增大。试验参数值选取范围主要考虑的是工程常用范围,可为深入研究窄缝消能工急流冲击波与水翅扩散问题提供参考。

The diffusion and precipitation of water - wing caused by shock waves of the narrow slit energy dissipator threatens the bank slope stability and safe operation of ashore buildings. The features of rainfall caused by water - wing diffusion are analyzed under different flow Fr numbers, contraction ratios and bottom angles, to disclose the influential laws of different factors on the scope of the rainfall area and the rainfall intensity distribution. The study results indicate that the scope of the rainfall area is sensitive to change of the bottom angles. The decreasing rate of the rainfall intensity increases with the contraction ratio and bottom angle. The longitudinal distance of the maximum rainfall position to the narrow slit exit increases with Fr numbers. The value range of the experiment referred to the common engineering range, which provides reference for the further research on torrent shock wave and water- wing diffusion in narrow slit energy dissipator.