利用字形时代特征佐证文件制成时间

Dating of Questioned Documents Using the Chronological Characteristics of Font

探讨具有不同时代特征的民国简体字、异体字、简化字、繁体字、二简字五种字形佐证文件的制成时间可行性,为文件制成时间的判定提供新的佐证依据。分别对上述五种字形的出现或废除的时间进行了考察,对其如何佐证文件制成时间及应该注意哪些问题进行了分析与总结。利用上述五种字形的时间指向性特征能印证某些文件中的字形特征是否与其标称时间相符,进而印证该文件的制成时间。字形可佐证文件的制成时间,这对现当代的一些文件尤为适用,但不同字形的佐证价值不同,需要注意的问题也不相同。

The chronological characteristics of fonts were studied to determine the date of questioned documents utilizing the time-tracing analysis of linguistics. Five types of characters originated from different historical times were collected, including the simplified Chinese of the Republic of China, variant characters, simplified characters, traditional characters, and second batch of simplified Chinese characters. Their separate years of beginning and ending were identified. Then the date was marked on the questioned documents based on the implicaton by the fonts, and whether the two （the beginning and ending） were in contradiction was judged to infer the date. The simplified Chinese of the Republic of China could be deduced the date of some questioned documents at around 1936. The lower limit of time of questioned documents deduced by variant Chinese character was 1955. The upper limit of deduction by simplified character was 1964. It should be cautious when identifying the differences between simplification of ancient writing and the simplified Chinese character of Republic of China. The lower limit of the date deduced by traditional Chinese was 1964. The date range of questioned documents deduced by second- round simplified Chinese characteristics was from 1977 to 1986. This study demonstrates that the date of the questioned documents could be inferred by analyzing the chronological characteristics of fonts. To some extent, this method, based on the years of beginning and ending of the five fonts and their morphological features, is also applicable to some of contemporary documents.