火场命案的准确定性分析

Analysing the Nature of Death Involving in an Arson Case

火灾多数是意外或灾难,纵火自杀与他杀较少见,但是也有人利用火烧焚尸以掩盖其杀人罪行。本文报道了一起一人死亡的火场命案,报案人发现现场时,火势已自然熄灭,没有人目击火灾的发生和燃烧过程,现场物证保存相对完整,为原始现场。该案件的难点在于判断案件性质,查明死亡原因是进行案件性质判断的前提条件。案件的特殊之处是人为纵火,火场中死者是自缢死亡,死亡后缢索被烧断,尸体倒地被焚烧。所以当火场上发现尸体时,需要法医、痕迹、消防、侦查人员和相关人员密切配合,进行现场勘查及法医学检验鉴定,查明死因,做到准确确定案件性质,以还原真相。

Most of fires are of either accidents or disasters. It is rare that someone sets a fire to commit suicide or homicide. But sometimes fire could be set to destroy the dead body for the evidence to be covered purposively. When the dead body is found on the fire scene, legal medical examiners should cooperate with mark inspectors, frefighters and others related in the scene investigation. The conclusion could then be reached to identify the reason of death, and determine the nature of the case exactly. This paper reports an arson involving one death. No one witnessed the fire occurrence and the burning process. The fire had already extinguished when the dead was found. All the objects in the scene were kept relatively completed, therefore it was fgured out to be the original scene. Determining the manner of death was a key point before determining the case＇s nature. It was concluded that it was the victim himself to set the fire, then hanging himself. The rope was burned out, and the body fell down on the ground and was burned.