文学理论形态考察

A Study of the Morphology of Literary Theory

从形态角度对文学理论进行考察 ,是理论体系中最形象、最具体的一个部类。文学理论的结构成分有理论主体、理论客体、理论文本三种 ,结构的变量引起了形态的变化———理论客体的功能与作用不同 ,文论形态有“工具型”、“方法型”、“思想型”、“知识型” ;理论主体观照客体时的视角和侧重点不同 ,文论形态有“作品中心型”、“作家中心型”、“读者中心型”、“社会中心型” ;理论文本中的理论观念与主体采用的方法论之间的关系不同 ,文论形态有“观念演绎型”、“经验总结型”、“横向移植型”。文学理论形态研究可以从结构论、动力论。

The study of literary theory in terms of morphology is one of the most vivid and concrete components of literary theoretical system.The structural constituents of literary theory include theoretical subject,theoretical object and theoretical text.Several variables determine the morphology.According to the different functions and effects of the theoretical object,the morphology of literary theory can be divided into 'instrument type','method type','thought type','knowledge type'.In the light of the different viewpoint and focus,from which the theoretical subject observes the object,the morphology is classified into'works-centered type','writer-centered type','reader-centered type'and 'society-centered type'.On the basis of the diffrence between the theoretical principles conveyed by the theoretical text and the methodology adopted by the subject,then the morphology can be assorted into 'idea-deductive type','experience-summing-up type'and'lateral transplantation type'.The morphological study of literary theory can start with theory of structure,dynamics,theory of similarities and differences.